where was ephesus in the bible

From AD 5254, the apostle Paul lived in Ephesus, working with the congregation and apparently organizing missionary activity into the hinterlands. They are considered saints by Catholics and Orthodox Christians and whose story is also mentioned in the Qur'an.[62]. Silanus was a great-grandson of the Emperor Augustus, and was thus considered a menace to her son, whom Agrippina had thrust forward to the succession by all manner of intrigue and crime. Ephesus was devoted to the goddess Artemis. This assumption would fix the date of the incident at a.d. 54. Five Minutes in the Word scriptures for today: Acts 19:17-18. There sprang up, therefore, about the temple a village in which the thieves and murderers and other criminals made their homes. XIV. Her temple was one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. Ephesus and Pergamos, the capital of Asia, were the two great rival cities of the province. The temple and its statue are some of the few remains connected with Domitian. There he found some disciples 2 and asked them, "Did you receive the Holy Spirit when[ a] you believed?" They answered, "No, we have not even heard that there is a Holy Spirit." As a result, rule over the cities of Ionia was ceded again to Persia. Ephesians 1:1 Paul, an apostle of Christ Jesus through the will of God, to the saints who are at Ephesus, and the faithful in Christ Jesus: 1 Timothy 1:3 As I urged you when I was going into Macedonia, stay at Ephesus that you might command certain men not to teach a different doctrine. This was near the end of his 2nd missionary journey. Later in the same century, the Lydians under Croesus invaded Persia. Overview of the Seven Churches. That the trouble came is evident from Johns letter to the Ephesian church, most prob. institution, and charged with the maintenance and protection of the Caesar cult (see Emperor Worship) in Asia. Biblical Riot at Ephesus: The Archaeological Context Like all the river valleys around the great blunt end of the Asian continents westward protrusion, that of the Cayster was a highway into the interior, the terminal of a trade route that linked with other roads converging and branching out toward the separated civilizations of the E and the Asian steppes. Radiation along the lines of communication from a point of active life accounted for such foundations. It was built in the 10th century BC on the site of Apasa, the former Arzawan capital,[5][6] by Attic and Ionian Greek colonists. The apostle John, according to tradition, spent many years in Ephesus, where he died and was buried. [71], At an estimated 25,000 seating capacity, the theatre is believed to be the largest in the ancient world. knight and a freedman who held the post of steward of the imperial estates in Asia. At the time, Croesus temple was the largest of Gr. In 614, it was partially destroyed by an earthquake. And when Decius the emperor came into Ephesus for the persecution of Christian men, he commanded to edify the temples in the middle of the city, so that all should come with him to do sacrifice to the idols, and did do seek all the Christian people, and bind them for to make them to do . A little way behind it was the summit of the rocky hill from which one could see over the trees and hills to Ephesus and the sea with its many islands. It is a popular place of Catholic pilgrimage which has been visited by three recent popes. Did you know? Does the Bible mention Alexander the Great? Location: . It is, perhaps, not without significance that the same coin bears the image of a small oar-propelled boat, an officials barge, not the deep-hulled merchantmen that mark the citys pride in her sea-borne trade on the coins of earlier centuries. Domitian, at the end of the 1st cent., appears to have been the last ruler to attempt to repair the harbor of Ephesus, but trade had obviously declined two centuries before. The Ephesian assembly received a message from heaven in Rev 2:1-7. [30] The new settlement was officially called Arsinoea (Ancient Greek: [31] or [32]) or Arsinoe (),[33][34] after the king's second wife, Arsinoe II of Egypt. 1. [75][76] They fed a number of water mills, one of which has been identified as a sawmill for marble. Acts 18:24 Now a certain Jew named Apollos, an Alexandrian by race, an eloquent man, came to Ephesus. Adorning continued till the days of the Gothic raid in a.d. 263. For them to hesitate or to doubt was to be lost (Ramsay, The Letters to the Seven Churches, 300). Their lapse from first ardor and enthusiasm was due, according to Ramsays famous thesis, to an infiltration of the Christian minority by the weariness of a civic community that had passed its prime and was living on its fading splendor. Crusaders passing through were surprised that there was only a small village, called Ayasalouk, where they had expected a bustling city with a large seaport. The city itself soon lost its importance and decreased in population. The importance of the city as a commercial centre further declined as the harbour, today 5kilometres inland, was slowly silted up by the river (today, Kk Menderes) despite repeated dredging during the city's history. Even the temple of Artemis was completely forgotten by the local population. But when they saw how badly the people of Chios had been treated by Zenobius, a general of Mithridates, they refused entry to his army. [44] Hanson and Ortman (2017)[45] estimate an inhabited area to be 263hectares and their demographic model yields an estimate of 71,587inhabitants, with a population density of 276inhabitants per hectare. In 560 B.C. After the Cimmerians had been driven away, the city was ruled by a series of tyrants. Ephesus (/fss/;[1][2] Greek: , translit. Under Claudius the monumental Marble Street was built. What was Augustus Caesars impact on biblical history? [81], The Temple of the Sebastoi (sometimes called the Temple of Domitian), dedicated to the Flavian dynasty, was one of the largest temples in the city. suppression of the great revolt of the Ionian Gr. Under Claudius in the middle of the 1st cent. It was widely depicted on coins. The preaching of Christianity in the school of Tyrannus was hitting the Artemis cult hard, so hard that the turnover in dependent trades was visibly showing the adverse effects. 668 likes, 85 comments - @christ_in_the_culture on Instagram: "Fr Peter Heers' last point resonates a lot with me The inner life of the Church is where th." Acts 19:27 Not only is there danger that this our trade come into disrepute, but also that the temple of the great goddess Artemis will be counted as nothing, and her majesty destroyed, whom all Asia and the world worships.". The great altar had been carved by Praxiteles, the greatest of all Greek sculptors. Colossae was a city in Phrygia, in the Roman province of Asia (part of modern Turkey), about 100 mile east of Ephesus in the region of the 7 churches of Rev. A riot ensued, so vividly and ironically described in Acts 19. Later accounts and artifacts also describe conflict between the worship of Christ and that of Artemis in Ephesus. 30. The Evangelization of Ephesus (Acts 19:8-41) | Bible.org Sign up now for the latest news and deals from Bible Gateway! Where is Ephesus, and What is the significance in the Bible? Ephesus did not contribute ships but gave financial support. Perhaps, too, they saw in the Caesar-cult only a harmless ritual of loyalty, and not an issue of man-worship on which a Christian need stake life and livelihood. 7/1/23. Ayasoluk became an important harbour, from which piratical raids to the surrounding Christian regions were organised, both official by the state and private.[51]. When the son of Codrus, last king of Athens, founded the city, he placed his colonists near the shrine of an ancient Anatolian goddess whom the Greeks, following the religious syncretism common in the ancient world, called after their own goddess Artemis. Apostle John lived in Ephesus - what sources claim that? Ephesus was a significant center of trade, located near a harbor at the mouth of the Cayster River in western Asia Minor. The Turks came with ruin for Asia. The city of Ephesus lay at the mouth of the Cayster, between the Koressos Range and the sea, on the western coast of Asia Minor. Alexander, into whose control Ephesus passed in 334 b.c. But the inhabitants of Ephesus demurred, claiming that it was not fitting for one god to build a temple to another. All commentary notes adapted from the ESV Study Bible. He was mighty in the Scriptures. In 1863 Mr. J. T. Wood, for the British Museum, obtained permission from the Turkish government to search for the site of the lost temple of Diana. Resources Hebrew/Greek Your Content Acts 20:13-37 New International Version Paul's Farewell to the Ephesian Elders 13 We went on ahead to the ship and sailed for Assos, where we were going to take Paul aboard. The city was famous in its day for the nearby Temple of Artemis (completed around 550BC), which has been designated one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. The region was restored to the Anatolian beyliks. BIBLE KNOWLEDGE FOR HOLY LIVING AND ETERNAL LIFE (07/July - Facebook That is to say, any criminal reaching the area round the temple was safe. The Odeon was a small roofed theatre[77] constructed by Publius Vedius Antoninus and his wife around 150AD. (iv) It was the home of criminals. Other research interests include early Christian material culture, literary analysis of early Christian literature, and archaeology. An easygoing Christianity could never have survived; it could not have conquered and trained the world; only the most convinced, resolute, almost bigoted adherence to the most uncompromising interpretation of its principles could have given the Christians the courage and self-reliance that were needed. It was famous for charms and spells called Ephesian Letters. They were guaranteed to bring safety on a journey, to bring children to the childless, to bring success in love or business enterprise. That is to say, at specified times the Roman governor came there and great cases of justice were tried. Often asked: Where Is Ephesians Located In The Bible? After Lysimachus had destroyed the nearby cities of Lebedos and Colophon in 292BC, he relocated their inhabitants to the new city. Probably during this period the seven churches of the Apocalypse were founded, not by Pauls personal labors, but by missionaries whom he may have sent out from Ephesus, and by the influence of converts returning to their homes. Thus Ephesus became part of the Seleucid Empire. Not only did the temple bring vast numbers of pilgrims to the city, as does the Kaaba at Mecca at the present time, but it employed hosts of people apart from the priests and priestesses; among them were the large number of artisans who manufactured images of the goddess Diana, or shrines to sell to the visiting strangers.Such was Ephesus when Paul on his 2nd missionary journey in Acts (18:19-21) first visited the city, and when, on his 3rd journey (19:8-10; 20:31), he remained there for two years preaching in the synagogue (19:8, 10), in the school of Tyrannus (19:9) and in private houses (20:20). cities, the choking up of her waterway passed beyond repair. The murder was committed by two men, a Rom. [11][12], Excavations in recent years have unearthed settlements from the early Bronze Age at Ayasuluk Hill. (Acts 10:45-46) and the disciples of John at Ephesus (Acts 19:6). A part of the site, Basilica of St. John, was built in the 6th century, under emperor Justinian I, over the supposed site of the apostle's tomb. Ephesus stood at the mouth of the Cayster and therefore commanded the richest hinterland in Asia Minor. Revelation 18:12-13 gives a description of the trade of Ephesus. Paul wrote 2 Timothy from a Roman prison cell. Acts 19:1 It happened that, while Apollos was at Corinth, Paul, having passed through the upper country, came to Ephesus, and found certain disciples. The city prospered again under a new rule, producing a number of important historical figures such as the elegiac poet Callinus[24] and the iambic poet Hipponax, the philosopher Heraclitus, the great painter Parrhasius and later the grammarian Zenodotos and physicians Soranus and Rufus. Find answers to your Bible questions with Bible Gateway Plus. Surpassing all these was the cult of Artemis. Using 510persons per hectare, he arrives at a population between 138,000 and 172,500. The mythical founder of the city was a prince of Athens named Androklos, who had to leave his country after the death of his father, King Kodros. Ephesus was an important centre for Early Christianity from the AD 50s. It may also have been a consideration that weighed with Paulthat such an indictment would have had scant chance of a just hearing before such scoundrels as Publius Celer and the freedman Helios, if indeed they held brief authority in the city at the time. It was a small salon for plays and concerts, seating about 1,500 people. The church died with the city. 24 A silversmith named Demetrius, who made silver shrines of Artemis, brought in a lot of business for the craftsmen there. What is behind this message Christ gave to Ephesus that is vitally important for . Perhaps the Asiarchs, not yet aware of all the implications of Christianity, and as yet unhampered by any anti-Christian legislation, were not disturbed by damage to their rivals. During his third missionary journey Paul reached Ephesus from the upper coasts (Acts 19:1), i.e., from the inland parts of Asia Minor, and tarried here for about three years; and so successful and abundant were his labors that all they which dwelt in Asia heard the word of the Lord Jesus, both Jews and Greeks (Acts 19:10). ef'-e-sus (Ephesos, "desirable"): A city of the Roman province of Asia, near the mouth of the Cayster river, 3 miles from the western coast of Asia Minor, and opposite the island of Samos. Here he reasoned daily for two years. 5 Answers Sorted by: 9 Revelation 1:9 explicitly states that John was on the island of Patmos when he wrote revelation: I, John, your brother and companion in the suffering and kingdom and patient endurance that are ours in Jesus, was on the island of Patmos because of the word of God and the testimony of Jesus. In his second epistle to Timothy, Paul speaks of Onesiphorus as having served him in many things at Ephesus (2 Tim. Ephesus revolted after the treacherous death of Agathocles, giving the Hellenistic king of Syria and Mesopotamia Seleucus I Nicator an opportunity for removing and killing Lysimachus, his last rival, at the Battle of Corupedium in 281BC. The ruins of the temples were used as building blocks for new homes. Such a large estimate would require population densities seen in only a few ancient cities, or extensive settlement outside the city walls. It was a difficult time for the apostle, made more . (See Asiarchs.) With an artificial harbor accessible to the largest ships, and rivaling the harbor at Miletus, standing at the entrance of the valley which reaches . When the Seljuk Turks conquered Ephesus in 1090,[49] it was a small village. This article is part of the Key Bible Verses series. Zenobius was invited into the city to visit Philopoemen, the father of Monime, the favourite wife of Mithridates, and the overseer of Ephesus. Another phrase in the story is illuminating. According to Hittite sources, the capital of the kingdom of Arzawa (another independent state in Western and Southern Anatolia/Asia Minor[13]) was Apasa (or Abasa), and some scholars suggest that this is the same place the Greeks later called Ephesus. The Library of Celsus, the faade of which has been carefully reconstructed from original pieces, was originally built c. 125 in memory of Tiberius Julius Celsus Polemaeanus, an Ancient Greek[64][65][66] who served as governor of Roman Asia (105107) in the Roman Empire. Almost by accident it was then found in the valley outside the city walls, several feet below the present surface. Though Paul was probably not the first to bring Christianity to Ephesus, for Jews had long lived there (2:9; 6:9), he was the first to make progress against the worship of Diana. Copyright 2023, Society of Biblical Literature, Inscriptions from the first two centuries CE describe Ephesus as the capital of Asia, its first and greatest metropolis (IEph, Ephesus was a religiously plural city. He died in a battle against the Carians when he came to the aid of Priene, another city of the Ionian League. The Jews had a large colony at Ephesus, and considerable privileges (Jos., Antiq. Scherrer, Peter, Fritz Krinzinger, and Selahattin Erdemgil. Sackings by the Arabs first in the year 654655 by caliph Muawiyah I, and later in 700 and 716 hastened the decline further. In the ancient world, Ephesus was a center of travel and commerce. Scholars disagree about whether Pauls conflict with the silversmiths in Acts 19 is a historical event, but it does help us understand how change in a citys religion and economy might have been received in a major Roman metropolis. 2018. What is Ephesus now called? Jerome Murphy-O'Connor uses an estimate of 345hectares for the inhabited land or 835acres (Murphey cites Ludwig Burchner). BIBLE KNOWLEDGE FOR HOLY LIVING AND ETERNAL LIFE (07/July/ 2023) This page was last edited on 6 July 2023, at 11:37. 4 For he chose . The entrances were at both sides of the stage and reached by a few steps. Then came a long decline. Archeology, none the less, has shown that the prestige and magnificence of the city long outlived its declining usefulness as a seaport. They had much to lose; hence the venture of Alexander whom the Jews put forward, doubtless to make sure that their community as a whole was not blamed for the revolutionary views of the rabbi from Tarsus. Croesus made the populations of the different settlements around Ephesus regroup (synoikismos) in the vicinity of the Temple of Artemis, enlarging the city. who promoted the construction of the first temple to Artemis. However, the Greek cities were given freedom and several substantial rights. Epistle to the Ephesians - Wikipedia This archive mentions an assembly (ekklesia) of Ephesians in Christ hosted in the home of a couple named Prisca and Aquila (1Cor 16:19). 2 Timothy 1:18 (the Lord grant to him to find the Lord's mercy in that day); and in how many things he served at Ephesus, you know very well. b.c. Domitian widened and beautified the great central boulevard. Finally, Alexander the Great took it; and at his death it fell to Lysimachus, who gave it the name of Arsinoe, from his second wife. The sculptured stones of its great buildings, which were no longer in use and were falling to ruins, were carried away to Italy, and especially to Constantinople for the great church of Saint Sophia. Today, the ruins of Ephesus are a favourite international and local tourist attraction, being accessible from Adnan Menderes Airport and from the resort town Kuadas. The New Testament traces the full history of the church in Ephesus from it's founding in Acts 18 to facing the rebuke of Jesus in Revelation 2:1-7. Ephesuss fortunes declined in late antiquity after its harbor silted. First and Second Timothy were written after Pauls death, but these deutero-Pauline texts mention Ephesus as a node for Pauls community, suggesting it remained a key location in the Christian memory of Paul. The text of Beza sometimes supplies a detail that has a ring of authenticity, and his unorthodox text adds a phrase to Acts 19:28 which may, in one flash, give a glimpse of the excited scene. There was much for which John could commend the Ephesian Christians; their toil, endurance, discernment, and vigor. Ephesus is referred to 21 times in the Bible. [8] This open-air theatre was used initially for drama, but during later Roman times gladiatorial combats were also held on its stage; the first archaeological evidence of a gladiator graveyard was found in May 2007. The interior of the library measured roughly 180 square metres (2,000 square feet) and may have contained as many as 12,000 scrolls. On his return from his journey, Paul touched at Miletus, some 30 miles south of Ephesus (Acts 20:15), and sending for the presbyters of Ephesus to meet him there, he delivered to them that touching farewell charge which is recorded inActs 20:18-35. The many-breasted "Lady of Ephesus", identified with Artemis, was venerated in the Temple of Artemis, one of the Seven Wonders of the World and the largest building of the ancient world according to Pausanias (4.31.8). Fragments of the columns that he donated, inscribed with his name, are in the British Museum. He is best known for his letter addressed to the Pope Victor I, Bishop of Rome, defending the Quartodeciman position in the Easter controversy. The city turned, as any anxious community might in such circumstances, to the equivalent of her tourist trade. These two passages convey all we know about Onesiphorus's background: 1) he was from Ephesus, where Paul had founded a church ( Acts 19:1-10 ); 2) his whole family were believers; and 3) in Ephesus, he had helped Paul "in many ways.". citizenship may have weighed a little with the officers of Caesar. A Brief Biblical History of the Church In Ephesus Ephesus was founded as an Attic-Ionian colony in the 10th century BC on a hill (now known as the Ayasuluk Hill), three kilometers (1.9 miles) from the centre of ancient Ephesus (as attested by excavations at the Seljuk castle during the 1990s). Ephesus - Bible Odyssey It is said that the building was four times the size of Athens magnificent Parthenon. Diana was dead. The wall of Lysimachus has been estimated to enclose an area of 415 hectares (1,030 acres). This the priests of Ephesus were unwilling to permit, and they politely rejected his offer by saying that it was not fitting for one god to build a temple to another. Among the paintings was one by the famous Apelles, a native of Ephesus, representing Alexander the Great hurling a thunderbolt. Ephesus - HISTORY Ephesus - Meaning and Verses in Bible Encyclopedia To compromise would ultimately have set Christ, where Emperor Severus ultimately placed himin a chapel along with the images of Jupiter, Augustus, and Abraham. This was perhaps in the 10th, 11th, or 12th cent. Acts 19:26 You see and hear, that not at Ephesus alone, but almost throughout all Asia, this Paul has persuaded and turned away many people, saying that they are no gods, that are made with hands. You may unsubscribe from Bible Gateways emails at any time. EPHESUS (Focus Multimedia). The Revelation Explained: An Exposition, Text by Text, of the Apocalypse of St. John by F.G. Smith, 1918, public domain. By NT times, however, the great days of Ephesus trade were long past. Some scattered evidence of a Jewish population exists in Josephuss, Enslaved Leadership in Early Christianity. Paul introduced about twelve men to the 'baptism with the Holy Spirit' who had previously only experienced the baptism of John the Baptist. [63] Pliny tells us that the magnificent structure took 120 years to build but is now represented only by one inconspicuous column, revealed during an archaeological excavation by the British Museum in the 1870s. [35], King Ptolemy XII Auletes of Egypt retired to Ephesus in 57BCE, passing his time in the sanctuary of the temple of Artemis when the Roman Senate failed to restore him to his throne. Ephesus, as part of the kingdom of Pergamon, became a subject of the Roman Republic in 129 BC after the revolt of Eumenes III was suppressed. Major roads connected Ephesus to all the other significant cities in Asia Minor. EPHESUS f ss (, G2387, possible meaning, desirable). In the time of the Romans it bore the title of "the first and greatest metropolis of Asia." It was distinguished for the Temple of Diana (q.v. It became a seat of bishops, where a notable council was held as late as a.d. 431. Ramsay, broadly correct in his main thesis of Ephesus decline dates its disastrous impact too early. 1(A)', J.David Hawkins (2009). Sir William Ramsay, most factual of archeologists, speaks in awe of the uncanny volume of sound which, in his day at the turn of the cent., greeted the evening visitor to the desolate levels where Ephesus once harbored her ships.

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where was ephesus in the bible